Dr. Petty says the first goal in treatment of BMS is to make sure the symptoms are not due to a larger condition, such as anemia, leukemia, severe vitamin deficiency, undiagnosed diabetes or a fungal infection of the mouth. But these causes account for only 20 to 30 percent of those affected, says Dr. Petty.

In 70 percent of those affected with BMS, in which a cause cannot be established, a dentist can help. First, the dentist may recommend chewing gum, sugarless mints or frequent drinks of water to relieve the discomfort of dry mouth. Second, antifungal medications sometimes provide relief, even when there are no visible signs of a yeast infection in the mouth.

Other medications used to treat the disorder include antibacterials, analgesics, vitamin and mineral replacements, benzodiazepines, antihistamines and antidepressants. It is also thought that hormonal replacement may be another option.